The second issue of Volume 10 of the Revista Centro Sur presents a collection of research papers addressing contemporary challenges in the Ecuadorian context, exploring both tensions in family law and digital vulnerabilities among adolescents. This issue analyzes issues where identity, security, and the best interests of minors converge, offering a critical and necessary perspective for justice system practitioners and cybersecurity specialists. One of the central themes of this issue examines the contestation of paternity in relation to the child’s right to identity. The research published here argues that filiation in Ecuador should not be understood simply as a biological or genetic relationship, but as a complex legal institution linked to the child’s family and social stability. It analyzes how the filing of legal actions to challenge established legal ties conflicts with constitutional principles, requiring judges to conduct a comprehensive assessment that harmonizes biological truth with the protection of the established parent-child bond. This approach highlights the importance of the child’s best interests as a fundamental guide in resolving tensions between scientific reality and the legal certainty of civil status. Collectively, this issue invites reflection on how society and the legal system must adapt to protect the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in the face of disputed biological realities and ever-expanding digital environments.