Job stress factors and health effects: effort-reward imbalance model and demand-control model

Abstract

In a more competitive world, work stress in recent years has increased its influence on the development of our work activities, causing alterations in health in the workforce. This article aims to analyze work stress factors from the Effort-Reward Imbalance, and Demand-Control models, as well as the effects of stress on health. The current work carried out an exploratory systematic review in scientific journals of 45 articles in the last 10 years related to psychosocial risk factors, work stress and the Demand-Control, Effort-Reward Imbalance models, selecting 40 articles. The variables chosen were Demand-Control models, Effort-Reward Imbalance, effects of work stress on health. The studies found that there are occupations that present psychosocial risk factors intrinsically associated with the activities of the work they perform, that women present a higher incidence of stress due to role conflict, on the other hand, health professionals consume psychotropic drugs in cases stress, and adaptive responses to stress affect the body. There are various studies that have been carried out based on these models, but even more studies are needed to be carried out in the Latin American context.