Evolution of Digital Transformation and Sustainability in Microenterprises in Quevedo Canton: An Analysis Before, During, and After the Pandemic

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of digital transformation and the perceived effects of digitization on the sustainability of microenterprises in the Quevedo canton before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, involving a survey administered to a sample of 364 microenterprises and a retrospective analysis of three periods: pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic. The results showed that before the pandemic, digital adoption was in its early stages; during the health crisis, it accelerated primarily as a mechanism for adaptation and business continuity; and in the post-pandemic period, partial consolidation was observed. The perceived benefits were greater in the economic and social dimensions than in the environmental dimension, while barriers related to training, financing, and technological infrastructure persisted. It is concluded that digital transformation has evolved progressively, although strategic integration remains limited.